Low blood sodium level: causes and treatment
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Low sodium levels in the blood are known as hyponatraemia. This is caused by certain medical conditions, the use of some medicines, or drinking too much water. All cells in the body need sodium to maintain a normal fluid balance. Low sodium levels in the blood can be associated with symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, listlessness, confusion or drowsiness, muscle cramps and seizures. The sodium level in the blood is normal when it is 135 to 145 milliequivalents per liter (mEq / L). If it is less than 135 mEq / L, it is called hyponatraemia. The treatment of low sodium depends on the underlying cause.
What is hyponatraemia?
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Hyponatraemia indicates a low blood sodium level and can be the result of several diseases that often affect the lungs (lung diseases), liver (liver disorders) or brain (brain disorders), heart problems such as congestive heart failure
Who will get it?
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Anyone can develop hyponatraemia, but some people are more at risk than others. Because older people often take more medications and are more likely to suffer from chronic diseases, they are generally more likely to develop hyponatraemia. Hyponatraemia is more common in people with certain diseases, such as kidney failure, congestive heart failure, and lung, liver, or brain disorders. You also run a higher risk of low blood sodium levels if you take certain medications, such as diuretics (water pills) and some antidepressants (medications for depression). If you drink too much water
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Examination and diagnosis
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The symptoms of low blood sodium levels can vary from person to person. That is why the doctor or GP will perform blood tests and urine tests
Treatment of low sodium levels
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The treatment of low sodium levels depends on the cause. If you drink too much water, you may need to drink a little less, and sports drinks (which also contain electrolytes) can help during marathons. When using water pills, the doctor may adjust the treatment so that the sodium in your blood is normalized again. If the hyponatraemia comes on suddenly and is severe, you will be given fluids through an IV if necessary so that you can get sodium quickly. Sometimes hospitalization is necessary. If you have symptoms such as headaches, nausea, or seizures, the doctor may prescribe medication to control these problems.
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The treatment of low sodium levels depends on the cause. If you drink too much water, you may need to cut down on your drinking, and sports drinks (which also contain electrolytes) can help during marathons. When using water pills, the doctor may be able to adjust the treatment so that the sodium in your blood is normalized again. If the hyponatraemia comes on suddenly and is severe, you will be given fluids through an IV if necessary so that you can get sodium quickly. Sometimes hospitalization is necessary. If you have symptoms such as headaches, nausea, or seizures, the doctor may prescribe medication to control these problems.