Tendon reflex, contraction of a muscle
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A tendon reflex is also called a muscle stretching reflex. When the tendon contracts quickly, a stimulus is given via the central nervous system to the attached muscle. In response to this, the muscle contracts. A tendon reflex aims to restore balance and posture when necessary. This occurs, for example, in a fall, when we stumble, while walking, etc. When the tendon reflex is absent or too strong, this indicates a problem with the central nervous system. To test a reflex, a tendon hammer or reflex hammer is used.
What is a tendon reflex?
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A tendon reflex or muscle stretching reflex is a reflex of the muscles attached to the tendon. A reflex is a reaction of the muscles that occurs involuntarily. There is an incentive beforehand. When a tendon is suddenly stretched quickly, the muscle attached to the tendon will quickly contract.
Difference between tendons and muscles
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Everyone knows the muscles. We have more than 600 muscles in our body. The muscles ensure that we can move. But some organs also consist of muscles or are involved in important processes in our body: the heartbeat, breathing and digestion. Muscles like the heart are involuntary muscles: we have no control over their degree of contraction. For example, random muscles are the skeletal muscles.
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Stretch tendon quickly
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The tendon can suddenly stretch quickly, for example by becoming unbalanced (falling), running, stepping out, tripping, etc. Often it is the tendon on the thigh or arm that becomes quickly stretched.
Knee-tendon reflex
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A well-known tendon reflex is the patellar tendon reflex. A reflex always has a useful function. The patellar reflex ensures that the balance of the body is quickly restored. When we get out of balance, the tendon stretches quickly. This causes the upper thigh muscle to contract quickly and restore the balance of the body. The tendon reflex is based on the Golgi tendon bodies.
Other tendon reflexes
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In addition to the well-known patellar reflex, we also distinguish other tendon reflexes. For example, we know the biceps tendon reflex and the triceop tendon reflex. These two reflexes are located in the upper arm. These reflexes are also tested by means of a tendon hammer.
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Pee hammer
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It is possible to test a tendon reflex. A tendon hammer or reflex hammer is used for this. A tendon hammer is a small hammer with which the tendon is tapped. This induces stretching of the tendon. In response to this, the upper thigh muscle will contract. A tendon reflex can be performed on a sitting or lying patient. In order to test the reflex, the muscle in question must be completely relaxed. Therefore, the patient always takes a lying or sitting position. In addition, it is useful to distract the patient, so that he does not pre-tense the muscle. Failure to express the reflex may indicate incorrect technique, an overly tense patient or an abnormality of the central nervous system. This can be at the level of the vertebrae or at the level of the brain.
Absence or too strong presence of the tendon reflex
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Testing a tendon reflex is not under reason. Absence or excessive presence of a particular tendon reflex may lead the doctor to suspect that there is an abnormality in the nervous system. When a tendon contracts quickly, a stimulus is transferred via the peripheral nerve and the dorsal root to the motor anterior horn cell. The anterior horn cell sends a stimulus through the anterior root and peripheral nerve to the muscle. In response to this, the muscle contracts. When something is wrong in the central nervous system, these stimuli are not passed on properly. Testing a tendon reflex is often one of the first tests a doctor conducts for central nervous system problems.
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Testing a tendon reflex is not under reason. Absence or excessive presence of a particular tendon reflex may lead the doctor to suspect that there is an abnormality in the nervous system. When a tendon contracts quickly, a stimulus is transferred via the peripheral nerve and the dorsal root to the motor anterior horn cell. The anterior horn cell sends a stimulus through the anterior root and peripheral nerve to the muscle. In response to this, the muscle contracts. When something is wrong in the central nervous system